@prefix rdf:	<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix ns1:	<https://ld.cultural.jp/data/> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	rdf:type	<https://jpsearch.go.jp/term/type/\u5DE5\u82B8> .
@prefix rdfs:	<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	rdfs:label	"Snuff Bottle with European Ladies" .
@prefix ns3:	<http://schema.org/> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	ns3:description	"Category: Containers" ,
		"Medium: White glass with enamel; stopper and spoon: gilded copper alloy, jade" ,
		"Summary: <P>Snuff-made of tobacco that is ground into a powdered form and spiced with aromatic substances-was introduced to China from Japan in the late seventeenth century. Chinese elites believed that the powder had medicinal properties, and initially used cylindrical medicine bottles to hold this new \"Japanese tobacco.\" Soon after, the Kangxi Emperor (reigned 1662 - 1722)-known for his fondness for snuff and a devoted patron of the arts-established a series of workshops in Beijing to manufacture small, high-quality objects for court use, including snuff bottles. The repertoire of bottle shapes, materials, and motifs dramatically expanded under imperial patronage, and artisans facilitated the dispensing of the tobacco by adding stoppers with attached ivory spoons.</P>\\n\\n<P>Snuff bottle production reached aesthetic and technological heights during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736 - 1795), who particularly appreciated the artfulness of the miniature containers. Members of the Qianlong court frequently exchanged the exquisite receptacles as gifts, and by the mid-nineteenth century, snuff bottles had become mandatory items of apparel for Chinese gentlemen and those who aspired to this status. The popularization of these vessels helps account for the many glass bottles produced to resemble jade, agate, quartz, lapis lazuli, and other precious materials: glass snuff bottles were less expensive and a good imitation passed all but the closest scrutiny. Chinese interest in snuff bottles as collectibles continued into the twentieth century, when delicate, inside-painted wares dominated the market.</P>\\n\\n<P></P>Produced in the Imperial Workshop in Beijing, this bottle\u2019s form and decoration exhibit the Chinese fascination with European art and style in the eighteenth century. The painting techniques, particularly the use of shading and perspectives, reflect the influence of Western artists at the court of the Qianlong emperor. \\n" ,
		"Department: East Asian Art" ,
		"Dimensions: 1 13/16 \u00D7 1 7/16 \u00D7 7/8 inches (4.6 \u00D7 3.6 \u00D7 2.3 cm)" ;
	ns3:name	"Snuff Bottle with European Ladies"@en .
@prefix ns4:	<https://jpsearch.go.jp/entity/ncname/> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	ns3:creator	ns4:unknown .
@prefix ns5:	<https://jpsearch.go.jp/term/property#> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	ns5:agential	_:vb2400353 ;
	ns3:dateCreated	"1736-1795" ;
	ns3:temporal	<https://jpsearch.go.jp/entity/time/1736-1795> .
@prefix ns6:	<https://ld.cultural.jp/data/philamuseum-48939#> .
ns1:philamuseum-48939	ns5:accessInfo	ns6:accessinfo ;
	ns5:sourceInfo	ns6:sourceinfo ;
	ns5:temporal	_:vb2400355 ;
	ns3:spatial	<https://jpsearch.go.jp/entity/place/\u4E2D\u56FD> ;
	ns5:spatial	_:vb2400354 ;
	ns3:image	<https://iiif.micr.io/LOdvL/full/^200,/0/default.jpg> .